Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder commonly found in children and characterized by hyperactivity and aggressive behavior. It is known that the pathophysiology of ADHD involves neurobiological dysfunction. Although psychostimulants are recognized as the therapeutic drugs of choice for ADHD patients, side effects are a major concern. Ginkgo biloba is a promising herbal supplement that can modulate the nervous system in ADHD-like conditions. The beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba on ADHD-like symptoms may be associated with its modulation of the system by novel molecular mechanisms. Ginkgo biloba is known to modulate dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline signaling. Flavonoid glycosides and terpene trilactones are two major phytochemical components of Ginkgo biloba preparations that exert antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. The pharmacological mechanisms of phytochemical components may also contribute to the neuroprotective activity of Ginkgo biloba. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the potential of various Ginkgo biloba preparations in the treatment of ADHD-like symptoms. In addition, we discuss the pharmacological mechanisms mediated by Ginkgo biloba against an ADHD-like condition.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32329705/
